Island



HOLLOW PERPORATBD' TUBE FOR DYEING.

Patented Dec. 18, 1888.

(NoModeL) H. P. LIPPITT.

INYENTOR Wgfir I 1 .YIWIIIPHIIIHMI a WI TN ESSES N. PETERS,Phalo-Lilhognuhcr, Washington, D c

UNITED, STATES PATENT FFICE.

HENRY F. LlPPl'lT, OF PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND, ASSIGNOR TO THE COPDYEING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

uoufow eEs'FoRATED TUBE FOR DYEING.

SPEGIFICATION- forming part of Letters Patent No. 394,778, datedDecember 18, 1888.

Application filed August 30, 1888.

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HENRY F. LIPPITT, a citizen of the United States,residing at Providence, in the State of Rhode Island, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Hollow Perforated 'lubes forDyeing, Bleaching, or otherwise 'lreating Yarns in Cops, of which thefollowing is a s n-icificat-ion.

This invention relates to, and is;-applicable in connection with,certain improvements in the art of dyeing, bleaching, or otherwisetreating cotton and other yarns in the form of cops, by either suckingor fm-eing liquid dyes, or other liquids used in dyeing bleaching orotherwise treating the cops, through the cops when mounted upon hollowperforated tubes, skewers, or injection spindles, which extendrespectively through the cops and render every portion of each copsubject to the action of the said liquids,the said improvements havingbeen invented by August (iraemigcr and constituting the subject matterof United States Letters 'laient No. EHiHJlS, grantel l August- Siid,1897, to the Uromplon (ompany assignce of said (lraemiger.

In the aforesaid practice of dyeing yarns in cops upon hollow perforatedinjection tubes, it is obvious that the tube, notwithstamling the factthat it is perforated, must be so formed as to its perforations that thecop can be easily applied and removed without damage to such of itsthreads as form the walls of its core or axial aperture and thereforecome into immediate contact with the surfaces of the tube. This is themore a m cessitv because the cop, after the shrinkage incident to theoperation of injection, clings so tightly to the tube as to be withdifficulty manually renmved, and because the integrity of the internalcop threads must be perfectiy rmnntained. With these conditions in view,hollow tubes, ad apted to be introduced within the hollow core of a copto be bleached or otherwise trealml, have been provided with a series ofelongated and, in fact, double-pointed perforations or openings, whichby reason of their form have permitted of the application and removal ofthe cop without injury to its internal threads. Notwithstanding thefact, however, that injection tubes of the foregoing character possess,in the matter of the application and re- Serial No. 284,154:- (Nomodel.)

moval of the cop, many advantages over tubes havin perforations of otherforms more likely to cut the internal threads of the hollow axis of thecop,it has yet been found in practice that the cop in its shrinkageclings so tightly to said tube as to render difficult and sometimesimperfect the operation or act of injection through the thickest portionof said cop, or that portion which, as cops are commonly made, is justabove the upper termination of the cop tube.

It is the object of my invention to so construct an injection tube orspindle that a cop cannot only be readily applied to and removed fromit, but also be readily injected or saturated with the dye stuffthroughout the substance of its region of greatest diameter, and theseobjects I accomplish by drawing in, narrowing, douhie-tapering, or contrat-ting, that portion of the tube itself which, when the cop has beenapplied, comes opposite to the thickest 'portion of said cop, so as torender said tube at said portion of less diameter than it wouldotherwise be were its taper or ()"liIHlI'iU contour continued uniformthroughout its length.

in the accompanying drawings, -l'-igure 'l is a central, vertical,sectional, elevation through a hollow perforal ed injection tubeembodying my invent ion, and ecpiipped with a cop to be injected uponit. .l ig. 2 isa side elevation of the tube of Fig. 1. Figs. 3, i, and5, are magnitied, fragmentary, central, vertical, sectional, elevations,through sections of a tube susceptible of embodying my invention andillustrative of forms of perforations or openings which are theequivalents of the lcnticularopenings shown in the tubesof .l igs.l and2. Fig. (i is asimilar view illustrative of such an opening as I preferto employ.

Similar letters of referenm' indicate corresponding parts The injectiontube A is formed of any material, preferably metal, capable ofwithstanding the chemical action of liquid dyes and other liquids, andthe temporal ures (unployed in the operation of dyeing, bleaching,drying, or otherwise treating the cops. The tube is closed at its upperextremity but oi herwise is hollow throughout.

a designates the perfm'ations through the TOC wall 01. the tube, which,as stated, are preferably of forms resorted. to by iraemiger. Theseperforations it is to be umlerstood are no part 0t this invention.

of is the usual annular gage flange common. in these tubes, which ispreferably stamped out as a :tlat ring, slid upon the tube, and securedby solder. 'lhis flange is a device of convenience serving to gage theposition of the cop upon. the tube and to protect against unraveling orbreaking down the lowermost or bottom threads of the cop, which ispressed very iii-ml y against said flange.

ill, Fig. l, represents a cop in place upon the tube, and l) a cop tubeof any character, but preferably of knitted, woven or b aided textilematerial stiffened with size.

Il'eretofore all injection tubes of the practical cmploymentof whiehIhave knowledge, have been formed with aregular and, usually, a verygradual or slight taper, uniform, however, throughout the length of thetube, which, geometrically considered, has, therefore, been a slightlyconical body In my invention I depart from this regular form, bynarrowing or contracting that portion ot' the tubewhich in Fig. 2 isindicated as being included between thehorizontal dotted lines m wandthe contracted portion being externally scooped out, so to speak, or,more strictly speaking, the tube being drawn in from two directionstoward a central region to which the arrow .2 in Fig. 2 is shown aspointing, so as to be as to its bore strictured, and as to its exteriorpinched in or narrowed. This construction results in the provision orexistence, when the cop is applied, of an annular interspace between theaxial aperture of the cop and the walls of the inj ection tube in theregion of its contraction, such interspace being ilulicated in Fig. 1 bythe solid black inking to which the arrows in u' point.

It will now be apparent that, in the operation of injection with aspindle embodying my improvcments, the injecting liquid is afforded thefreest opportunity for access to the walls of the axial aperture of thecop in the region of its greatest diameter or tl'iickness, which is, ofcourse, that region to which it is most desirable and at the same timemost difficult for the liquid to have access to, as it is, of course,understood that thorough injection is easier as to the thinner portionsof the cop than as to the thicker.

llligs. 1 and 2 ol the drawings are as to the features in which myinvention resides slightly exaggerated for the purposes of clearerillustration, and in practice the walls of the cop close in about thecontracted portionol' the tube to an extent, perhaps, greater than thatillustrated, but yet not to an extent su'liieient to prevent thethorough access of the liquid to the inner walls of the bore of the cop,as already explained.

I do not, of course, limit myself as to the extent of the drawing-in,narrowing, or contraction of the tube diametrically considered, nor yetas to the longitudinal extent to which said contraction is carried, asthese proportions fall within the province of the constructer; thecontraction, however, is necessarily intermediate of the length of thetube between its gage flange and its upper or outer end, and beyond eachvanishing circumference of the contraction the tube extends aPlfGdOlJOI'llllll ed distance of its full diameter or diameters, whethersaid tube be tapering, as is prefe 'able, or cylindric as is possible.

It is of course to be understood that the contraction referred to is notnecessarily an equal contraction or a contraction from both ends of thespindle, and that the tube may be merely contracted from its base orlarger end, so that, instead of being formed with a regular taper frombase to apex, it is, about an inch from the gage flange abruptlycontracted to its smallest diameter, and thence proceeds to its apexwith its regular taper.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

As an article of manufacture, a hollow perforated tube, adapted to beintroduced within the hollow bore of a cop to be dyed, bleached, or()tllUl'WlHO treated, which, intcrmediately of its length, is bothdiametrically and 1ongitudinally to a predetermined extent drawn in orcontracted in diameter, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have hereuntosigned my name this 25th day of August, A. D. 1888.

HENRY F. LIPPITT.

In pres nee ot'- \VILLIAM A. TUCKER, HOLDEN BORDENBO\VEN.

